以弗所是地中海地区最大的古代城市,也是罗马帝国辉煌时期的缩影。这座建筑杰作的定居点启发了考古学家,启迪了历史学家,也让现代的旅行者为之分心。

以弗所古城是一座历史悠久的爱奥尼亚城市,位于伊兹密尔塞尔丘克区西南3公里处。根据传说,这座城市最初是由希腊神话中提到的女性战士亚马逊人建立的。据信,城市名称来源于阿尔扎瓦王国的一座城市Apasas,意为“母神之城”。

该地区所在地的定居痕迹可追溯到公元前6000年。这座城市先后被吕底亚人、波斯人、亚历山大大帝、帕加马王国、罗马、东罗马、塞尔柱人和奥斯曼人统治,其最辉煌的时期是在罗马帝国时期。以弗所作为罗马通往亚洲的大都市,逐渐成为一个非常重要的商业、政治和宗教中心,人口高达25万。

这座城市在古代最著名的原因是阿尔忒弥斯神庙,它被认为是世界七大奇迹之一,供奉的是被选为城市保护神的母神阿尔忒弥斯。这座神庙建在一个13级台阶的基座上,周围环绕着总共127根大理石柱,长150米,高20米,历史上因各种原因被焚毁和破坏。建于公元前4世纪并曾被亚历山大大帝参观的阿尔忒弥斯神庙,仅有少量大理石碎片幸存至今。

这座城市在建立时是一个港口城市,但由于小门德雷斯河带来的冲积物填满了海域,逐渐失去了重要性,并在历史长河中被埋没数世纪。如今距离海边6公里的以弗所古城,在首次挖掘开始前,在地下等待了大约1000年。由英国人于1863年发起的挖掘工作发掘出的许多重要文物,如今在大英博物馆展出。

普遍认为耶稣的母亲圣玛利亚在生命的最后几年生活在以弗所并在此去世。位于以弗所古城背靠的布尔布尔山上的一座小教堂/房屋,被认为是她的住所,被基督徒视为神圣的朝圣地。强烈推荐以弗所古城的游客参观此地。

如今,刚出土的大部分遗迹都来自罗马的辉煌时期。城市中最重要的参观地点包括塞尔苏斯图书馆、哈德良神庙、集市(Agora)、市政厅(Prytaneion)、图拉真喷泉、大剧院、体育馆和体育场(Gymnasion and Stadion)、梯田房屋、阿尔忒弥斯神庙、多米提安神庙、梅米乌斯纪念碑和奥德翁(音乐会和会议厅)。

阿尔卡迪亚大街

当您通过城市主入口的港口大门进入时,您会看到长600米、宽11米的阿尔卡迪亚大街,两旁都是商店。这条大街,也被称为港口街,通向市中心,尽头是古剧院。阿尔卡迪亚大街曾经是以弗所古城与港口的主要连接通道,尽管现在不再靠海,但仍能反映出昔日的辉煌。

古剧院

这座巨大的剧院是耶稣的使徒之一圣保罗曾经布道的地方,他在罗马时期帮助基督教在安纳托利亚传播,剧院可容纳25,000人。它被认为是古代最大的露天剧院。剧院用于舞台表演和重要会议,在罗马时期还举办过角斗士战争。

塞尔苏斯图书馆

这座图书馆是由罗马政治家塞尔苏斯的儿子为纪念他而建造的。建筑位于塞尔苏斯的墓室之上。图书馆藏有超过12,000卷用不同语言、信仰和文化书写的羊皮纸书籍(卷轴),是继帕加马图书馆和埃及亚历山大图书馆之后古代第三大图书馆。这座已成为以弗所象征的建筑结构,从外部看是两层,但内部有一个非常高的天花板,实际为单层。图书馆前方的4座象征塞尔苏斯美德的不同雕像的原件现存于维也纳。图书馆的书籍档案在3世纪哥特人袭击中严重受损,几乎所有的手稿都被烧毁。

库瑞特斯大街和赫拉克勒斯之门

根据希腊神话,赫拉克勒斯是宙斯之子。这座将以弗所古城一分为二的大门因象征赫拉克勒斯的浮雕而得名。从赫拉克勒斯之门继续前行并在塞尔苏斯图书馆结束的街道是库瑞特斯大街。这条街道两旁有商店、寺庙、喷泉、皇帝雕像和装饰有半身像的柱廊道路,值得一看。

梯田房屋

这座多住宅区是罗马时期城市显贵和富人居住的地方,建于4000平方米的区域内。这些房屋是我们能看到的最美丽的庭院式房屋(带庭院)示例,地面覆盖着马赛克,墙壁装饰着彩色图片,保存至今,为游客提供了极佳的视觉盛宴。据悉,所有房屋都配备了地暖和土耳其浴室。

哈德良神庙

这座由四根柱子支撑的神庙是为纪念罗马皇帝哈德良而建。神庙入口处有4位不同罗马皇帝的雕像。入口处和山墙区域的墙壁浮雕上描绘了以弗所城市的建立故事。

图拉真喷泉

这座为纪念图拉真皇帝而建的纪念性喷泉曾是城市中最壮观的喷泉。


您是否希望我们为您量身定制一个包括以弗所古城在内的私人行程?受益于我们的专业知识。我们为各种兴趣和愿望提供定制的土耳其之旅,从浪漫的蜜月旅行和风景优美的自驾游,到与经验丰富的摄影师一起的摄影之旅以及主要目的地的文化之旅。我们为您的土耳其之旅安排一切,包括酒店预订、机场接送、导游服务和一流的体验。我们希望您在土耳其度过美好时光,并确保您的旅行令人难忘,因为我们亲自陪同过许多土耳其之旅。想象一下,只需与一个人联系即可处理所有旅行细节,接收完全符合您旅行兴趣的定制行程和推荐。联系土耳其旅游组织者,获取您土耳其之旅的个性化每日行程。

Kadir Akın

Kadir Akin is the managing partner of Turkey Tour Organizer Co. and a highly skilled travel advisor and tour guide. Kadir has worked in the tourist sector for more than 15 years, and he has a wealth of experience in trip planning and offering first-rate guiding services.

Whether visiting historical sites, trying the food, or finding off-the-beaten-path jewels, traveling with Kadir as your tour guide ensures a genuine and educational experience. Anyone looking for an insider's view of Turkey will find him to be a reliable and sought-after guide thanks to his love for his country and commitment to his profession.

常见问题解答

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Purchase all your needs Turkey Tour Organizer can handle every aspect of your trip from airline tickets, accommodation, guided tours, car hire, activities such as hot air balloon flight & whirling dervish ceremony, local experiences and many more 24 Hours Accessibility If you have a problem during your trip, you can easily contact us from our cell phones which are 24 hours available and we will be happy to sort out the situations for you.Builds Personalized Itineraries We are experts in helping our guests where they need to go and in helping to create possibilities most people never would have dreamed were possible.Time Saver Don’t be confused by calling or sending mails to each of the hotels or suppliers you would need during your trip in Turkey. Let us handle all these work and meanwhile you save lots of time since we will be the only people responsible for your package. Options Tours in Turkey can be arranged in many ways. We offer you an array of options and price quotes from a variety of travel suppliers, giving you an upper hand while making your travel planning. Less Stress Planning a trip can be stressful. There are so many options and details to worry about. Turkey Tour Organizer do the work, resulting in less stress for you. Updated Information Turkey Tour Organizer is constantly communicating with the travel community, thus giving you the most up to date info on airlines, hotels, car rental agencies, and other travel services to consider as you plan your trip. Personal Touch It is always easy to give what a traveler wants. However; we, as Turkey Tour Organizer also do our personal recommendations and touches to make your trip more enjoyable. Where to Go With Kids We are always happy to help our guests to find great locations that are kid- friendly. Trip Cancellation Something has come up and you need to cancel your trip? The only thing you need to do is to call us and we will do the transaction by considering the Cancellation Policy of your trip
When we receive your enquiry, we start designing your dream Turkish holiday itinerary. Building on our excellent network of local and national vendors, we select the very best for your specific style of travel and interests. Being freelance also gives us the opportunity to work with a variety of travel suppliers and select only the best for your customized program.Whether your travel style is 'see everything and pack each day full', 'relax and enjoy more time in fewer places' or anything in-between, we can arrange just about any program that you can imagine. We offer unique travel opportunities, home visits, and off-the-beaten-path adventures to give you a taste of the real Turkey. If you have any special interests, hobbies or passions - just let us know and we can design your itinerary to let you experience what you're interested in seeing and doing here. From hiking, culinary adventures, history, photography, sports, architecture, etc - Turkey offers something for every traveler. We are constantly researching new opportunities for our guests and always eager to hear feedback from past guests - this allows us to know who to recommend in the future and what people truly enjoy doing here. To further guarantee the quality, we only make suggestions based on companies and vendors that we have already established a successful relationship with. We are driven by the knowledge that my guests enjoy Turkey as much as we enjoy sharing my insight, history, traditions and the real Turkey. In Turkey, the tourism industry is set up to give small kick-backs to travel consultants - this doesn't mean that you're overcharged - in fact, you'll often receive a better rate as we are able to establish a discount due to frequent visits to the vendors who supply various services. If unable to secure the best rate for you, we will advise you if a better deal is more achievable by booking directly on line. Usually better rates are available to guides & agencies but if you're interested in self-booking your entire itinerary, we can also help you with the details via email/Skype/IM, etc for a small consulting fee. So, let's get started! Click on the 'contact us' text bubble at the top right and away we go. We look forward to creating the best Turkish holiday just for you.Please kindly be advised that all those services in www.turkeytourorganizer.com are operated by AND Travel Consulting CO.