El terraplén cultural del túmulo de Arslantepe, ubicado en la ciudad de Orduzu cerca de la orilla oeste del Éufrates, a 7 km al noreste de Malatya, tiene 30 metros de altura. Fue habitado desde el 5000 a.C. hasta el siglo XI d.C. Se utilizó como un pueblo romano entre los siglos V y VI d.C. y más tarde completó su asentamiento como una necrópolis bizantina (cementerio).

Las primeras excavaciones en Arslantepe se realizaron en la década de 1930 por un equipo francés bajo la dirección de Louis Delaporte. Especialmente, la excavación se llevó a cabo en las capas del Hittita Tardío. Durante las excavaciones, se encontraron dos estatuas de leones a ambos lados del patio y la puerta de entrada decorada con bajorrelieves en piedra, una estatua de rey volcada y un Palacio Hittita Tardío. Como en ese momento no había un museo en Malatya, estas obras fueron llevadas al Museo de Civilizaciones de Anatolia en Ankara y aún se exhiben allí.

Como resultado de las excavaciones en el túmulo, se encontraron un palacio de adobe que data del 3300-3000 a.C., un templo que data del 3600-3500 a.C., más de dos mil impresiones de sellos y trabajos de metal de calidad. Los datos obtenidos muestran que Arslantepe fue un centro oficial, religioso y cultural donde nació la aristocracia y surgió la primera forma de estado en ese momento.

Aunque esta región de Malatya formó parte de la Alta Mesopotamia durante el período de 5000 a 4000 a.C., no ha perdido completamente sus características locales. Especialmente en el 4000 a.C., Arslantepe tiene un lugar importante entre los asentamientos en la región del Éufrates Medio. En la Edad Calcolítica Tardía, las clases altas locales ejercieron dominio político y religioso, así como la gestión económica, de productos y producción. Los privilegios de la región, como estar fuera de la zona de inundación del río Éufrates, que es rico en recursos hídricos, por lo tanto, extremadamente adecuado para la agricultura y frecuentemente desbordante, son un factor importante en el asentamiento ininterrumpido de Arslantepe desde al menos el 5000 a.C. hasta el período bizantino. Combinado con la fuerza de la estructura natural de la región y su alto potencial agrícola, Arslantepe ha ganado la posición de un centro dominante que puede mantener sus tierras bajo control y procesar o al menos organizar el procesamiento de las materias primas de la región.

Un gran área comunal con edificios monumentales hechos de adobe, extendiéndose sobre un área de al menos 2600m2 en la ladera suroeste de la colina en el 3000 a.C. Esta área probablemente contenía varias estructuras con diferentes funciones. Hasta donde se ha revelado, esta parte es un gran grupo de edificios que consta de diferentes partes en términos de arquitectura magnífica y funcionalidad. Debido a su diseño multipropósito, este complejo de edificios monumentales puede describirse como un Palacio. Las paredes del corredor del palacio están decoradas con motivos impresos y pinturas murales. La presencia de una gran cantidad de sellos en varias partes del edificio revela la intensidad de las actividades administrativas y el gran número de funcionarios autorizados para retirar los bienes de los almacenes y sellarlos. Las ricas decoraciones y relieves en las paredes simbolizan el poder. Esto es evidencia del surgimiento de un sistema estatal con fuertes instituciones políticas y religiosas, en el que todas las actividades estaban centralizadas, se utilizaba un sistema de sellado efectivo para el registro y la burocracia se desarrollaba gradualmente. El gran edificio, que se construyó principalmente para fines religiosos en el pasado, adquirió otras funciones por primera vez y se desarrolló arquitectónicamente, donde también se veían servicios públicos, formando así el comienzo del palacio en el más cercano.


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Erkan Dülger

Erkan Dulger, a seasoned expert in the travel and tourism sector, has devoted more than 17 years of his life to planning wonderful journeys for people all over the world. Erkan has made a great career as a travel consultant and prosperous business owner. He was born with a deep enthusiasm for exploration and a desire to introduce people to beautiful places.

Erkan traveled to the United States in search of knowledge and practical experience, where he spent four years honing his craft while working at various hotels. He was able to better comprehend the complexities of the travel industry as well as the various demands and expectations of travelers thanks to this priceless experience.

Erkan had always dreamed of starting his own travel business, one that would reflect his passion for crafting extraordinary travel experiences. Erkan founded his own travel company in 2015 after realizing his dream via intense determination and strong faith in his abilities.

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